A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A to D E to K L to R S to Z Word Related Meaning L Lap and Dye Test A "same-day" infertility test performed by a gynaecologist, using the laparoscope. Laparoscopy lap·a·ros·co·py n., pl. lap·a·ros·co·pies. An operation or surgery using a laparoscope, which is a slender, tubular endoscope that is inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall to examine or perform minor surgery within the abdominal or pelvic cavities. Gynecologists use laparoscopy to treat a variety of female health problems. include the following: Pelvic pain. Infertility. Endometriosis. Tubal ligation (tying tubes). Tubal (ectopic) pregnancies. Pelvic inflammatory disease. Repairing damaged fallopian tubes. Lysis of adhesions (removing scar tissue). Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Removal of ovarian cysts or the entire ovary. Evaluation and removal of pelvic lymph nodes. Diagnosis and treatment of some uterine anomalies. Destroying or removing some uterine fibroid tumors. Loop Contraceptive IUD Loop n. A type of loop-shaped intrauterine device. M Male male n. A member of the sex that begets young by fertilizing ova. A man or boy.   adj. (Abbr. m., M.) Of, relating to, or designating the sex that has organs to produce spermatozoa for fertilizing ova. Characteristic of or appropriate to this sex; masculine. Menopause men·o·pause n. Menopause is the time at "mid-life" usually between the ages of 45 and 55when a woman has her last period. It happens when the ovaries stop releasing eggs. Most often it is a gradual change. Sometimes it happens all at once. Perimenopause is the gradual period of change leading into menopause. It affects a woman's hormones, body, and feelings. It can be a rocky, stop-start process that takes years. "Climacteric" is another word for the time when a woman passes from the reproductive to non-reproductive years of her life. The ovaries' production of estrogen slows down during perimenopause. Hormone levels fluctuate, causing changes just as they did during adolescence. But for many women, the changes leading to menopause are much more intense than those of puberty. These changes may also be affected by a woman's feelings about aging. The time after menopause is called postmenopause. Surgical menopause occurs if the ovaries are removed or damagedóas in a radical hysterectomy or chemotherapy. In this case, menopause begins immediately, with no perimenopause Temporary "stress menopause" occurs when women in their late 30s or older have no periods for long stretches of time. It can be caused by stress, chemotherapy, grief, illness, bulimia, anemia, or excessive exercise. As most women approach menopause, their menstrual periods become irregular ó they happen closer together and/or further apart. Other common signs include achy joints, difficulty in concentrating, headaches, hot flashes, insomnia, early wakening, mood changes, night sweats, conditions commonly associated with PMS, changes in sexual desire, extreme sweating, frequent urination and vaginal dryness. men'o·paus'al adj. Menses men·ses pl.n. (used with a sing. or pl. verb) The monthly flow of blood and cellular debris from the uterus that begins at puberty in women and the females of other primates. In women, menses ceases at menopause. Also called: catamenia Menstrual cycle men·stru·al cy·cle n. The periodic series of changes in the female reproductive system associated with the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy; the cycle is repeated roughly every twenty-eight days. During the menstrual cycle, an ovum is released from one of the ovaries (the release is called ovulation), and the uterus develops an inner lining enriched with blood to prepare it for the possible implantation of a zygote. If fertilization and implantation do not take place, the lining of the uterus is discharged during menstruation. Menstruation men·stru·a·tion n. The process or an instance of discharging the menses. N NGO not-for-profit Non-profit Non-Governmental Organisation O Oral Contraceptive o-ral con·tra·cep·tive n. A pill, typically containing estrogen or progesterone, that inhibits ovulation and thereby prevents conception. Orgasm Female Male or·gasm n. The highest point of sexual excitement, characterized by strong feelings of pleasure and marked normally by ejaculation of semen by the male and by vaginal contractions in the female. Also called: climax A similar point of intensity of emotional excitement. Outreach Outreach Programme See also FPATT web page: The FPA Express Outreach Programme Outreach See also FPATT web page: The FPA Express Ovary o·va·ry n., pl. o·va·ries. The usually paired female or hermaphroditic reproductive organ that produces ova and, in vertebrates, estrogen and progesterone. Ovum Ova o·vum n., pl. o·va The female reproductive cell or reproductive cell of animals; egg. P PAHO Pan-American Health Organization (WHO) Pap Smear Pap smear n. A test for cancer, especially of the female genital tract, in which a smear of exfoliated cells is specially stained and examined under a microscope for pathological changes. Also called: Pap test; smear test Peer Helper See also FPATT web page: Services ~ Information Education Communication ~ Young People - in and out of school Pelvis Pelvic pel·vis n., pl. pel·vis·es or pel·ves A basin-shaped structure of the vertebrate skeleton, composed of the innominate bones on the sides, the pubis in front, and the sacrum and coccyx behind, that rests on the lower limbs and supports the spinal column. The cavity formed by this structure. The hollow funnel in the outlet of the kidney, into which urine is discharged before entering the ureter. In this sense, also called renal pelvis Penis pe·nis n., pl. pe·nis·es or pe·nes The male organ of copulation in higher vertebrates, homologous with the clitoris. In mammals, it also serves as the male organ of urinary excretion. Physical Abuse See Abuse Pregnancy preg·nan·cy n., pl. preg·nan·cies. The condition of being pregnant: preg·nant1 adj. Carrying developing offspring within the body. Pregnancy Test Urine Pregnancy Test preg·nan·cy test n. A simple test to determine whether a woman is pregnant. Prostate Prostate Gland pros·tate n. The prostate gland. adj. Of or relating to the prostate gland. prostate gland n. A gland in male mammals surrounding the urethra at the base of the bladder that controls release of urine from the bladder and secretes a fluid which is a major constituent of semen. PSA Prostate Enlargement Examination DRE Prostate Specific Antigen Blood Test Puberty pu·ber·ty n. The stage of adolescence in which an individual becomes physiologically capable of sexual reproduction. The approach to maturity. R Rape Crisis Society of Trinidad & Tobago Mission Statement: "The Rape Crisis Society is established to address the issues of Sexual and Domestic Violence, particularly as they impact on the most vulnerable members of society, through counselling and public health. The Rape Crisis Society is a focal point for active work towards change in all areas affecting these issues." 40 Woodford Street, Newtown, Port of Spain, Trinidad, W.I. T: (868) 622 7273, F: (868) 622-1079 Reproduction re·pro·duc·tion n. The act of reproducing or the condition or process of being reproduced. Biology. The sexual or asexual process by which organisms generate others of the same kind. Reproductive Health Health "Reproductive Health is the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and its functions and processes. Reproductive health therefore implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how often to do so. Implicit in this last condition are the right of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, as well as other methods of their choice for regulation of fertility which are not against the law, and the right of access to appropriate health care services that will enable women to go safely through pregnancy and childbirth and provide couples with the best chance of having a healthy infant. In line with the above definition of reproductive health, reproductive health care is defined as the constellation of methods, techniques and services that contribute to the reproductive health and well being by preventing and solving reproductive problems. It also includes sexual health, the purpose of which is the enhancement of life and personal relations and not merely counselling and care-related to reproduction and sexually transmitted diseases." Responsibility Sexual Responsibility Safe Sex re·spon·si·bil·i·ty n., pl. re·spon·si·bil·i·ties. The state, quality, or fact of being responsible Something for which one is responsible; a duty, an obligation, or a burden Rights Rights of the Client Sexual & Reproductive Rights See also FPATT web page: Services ~ Rights of the Client Risk Unacceptable Risk risk n. The possibility of suffering harm or loss; danger. A factor, thing, element, or course involving uncertain danger; a hazard: One considered with respect to the possibility of loss: a poor risk. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

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